Analysis of urinary calculi composition in Longnan, Gansu province / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To analyze the composition of urinary calculi in Longnan, Gansu province, and the relationship between the composition and clinical characteristics of patients, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of this disease. 【Methods】 The composition of 500 cases of urinary calculi hospitalized in our department during Apr. 2021 and Feb.2023 were analyzed using the infrared spectrum stone composition analyzer. The clinical characteristics of the patients were evaluated and analyzed. 【Results】 The male-to-female ration of patients was 2.70∶1. Most patients aged 21 to 60 years (437, 87.4%). Most cases were ureteral calculi (72.8%), followed by renal calculi (22.2%), and bladder calculi (5.0%). There were 166 cases of calcium oxalate calculi, 293 cases of calcium oxalate + carbonated apatite calculi, 24 cases of calcium oxalate + carbonated apatite + hydroxyl apatite calculi, 4 cases of calcium oxalate + calcium bicarbonate calculi, 7 cases of urate calculi, 6 cases of carbonated apatite + struvite calculi. Oxalate calculi were the most common in all age groups, and urate calculi were the most common in the 21 to 40 age group. Calcium oxalate calculi were most common in the ureter (127, 76.5%), significantly higher than in other sites (χ2=3.222, P=0.020). Calcium oxalate + calcium hydrogen phosphate calculi was the least common in the bladder, significantly different from the other parts (χ2=2.092, P=0.037). Magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate and/or calcium carbonate or calcium oxalate calculi were the most common in the kidney (50.0%), significantly different from the other parts (χ2=9.448, P=0.007). 【Conclusion】 In Longnan area, the incidence of urinary calculi is significantly higher in male than in female. Ureteral calculi are mainly composed of calcium oxalate + carbonated apatite and calcium oxalate. According to different risk factors, individual prevention programs should be developed.

Structural characteristics of lower respiratory tract microflora in patients with pneumoconiosis / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To explore the composition of bacteria in lower respiratory tract of patients with pneumoconiosis and dust exposure, and to compare and analyze the difference and correlation between them. Methods: From May 2020 to January 2021, a prospective multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted to select patients with pneumoconiosis who underwent bronchoalveolar lavage treatment at the Respiratory and Critical Care Medical Department of the 920th Hospital of the Joint Support Force and the Respiratory Department of Tongren Hospital in Kunming, as well as the population of dust recipients. A total of 24 patients with pneumoconiosis (pneumoconiosis group) were included, and 16 dust exposed individuals (dust exposed group) were used as controls. Two groups of patients' alveolar lavage fluid were collected. The 16SrRNA gene V3-V4 sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis platform were used to measure and analyze the differences in microbial structure composition and associations between bacterial communities. Results: Compared with the dust exposed group, the top 5 bacterial phyla in the alveolar lavage fluid level of patients with pneumoconiosis were the same, followed by Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria, and Actinobacteria. Compared with the dust exposure group, the pneumoconiosis group patients belong to the top 5 genera of horizontal flora abundance, which are different. The dust exposure group is respectively: Pseudomonas, Proctor, Streptococcus, Achromobacter, and Neisseria. The pneumoconiosis group is respectively: Pseudomonas, Achromobacter, Streptococcus, Ralstonia, and Proctor. The Alpha diversity analysis results showed that compared with the dust exposed group, the level of bacterial diversity in the pneumoconiosis group was difference (P<0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference in bacterial evenness (P>0.05) ; Beta diversity showed differences in microbial community structure between the two groups (P<0.05 ). Single factor microbial association network analysis showed that there was a high correlation between Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in the pneumoconiosis and dust exposed groups and other species, showing a positive correlation; The correlation between Proteobacteria and other species is high, showing a negative correlation. Conclusion: The structure and relative abundance of bacteria in lower respiratory tract were different between patients with pneumoconiosis and dust exposure, and the diversity of bacteria in lower respiratory tract increased in patients with pneumoconiosis, which may be related to disease status.

New progress and challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of cosmetic allergy-related adverse reactions / 中华预防医学杂志

In China, the current standard for cosmetic adverse reactions related skin disease (GB/T 17149.1-1997) was jointly issued by the Ministry of Health and the State Bureau of Technical Supervision in 1997, cosmetic-allergic adverse reactions include allergic contact dermatitis and photo-allergic contact dermatitis according to this standard. The increasing use and changes in cosmetic ingredients or formula lead to a significant increase for the incidence of adverse reactions as the cosmetics industry is developing rapidly in the last 20 years. In the meantime, the clinical manifestations have become more diverse. In recent years, there have been many reports on the special manifestations for cosmetic allergy and allergen test, which provide a reference for the subsequent improvement of the diagnosis and prevention.

Application of augmented reality navigation in laparoscopic and robot-assisted liver surgery / 中华外科杂志

In recent years, laparoscopic surgery and robotic surgery have been widely used, and various intraoperative image navigation systems have also developed rapidly. However, the liver itself has a complex vessel and duct system, which increase the difficulty of liver surgery. The augmented reality image navigation system combines the three-dimensional reconstructed image of the liver with the real liver anatomy, which presents the specific relationship between the tumor location and the surrounding vessels for the surgeon. Compared with other intraoperative image navigation methods, augmented reality has its unique advantages. This paper provides an overview of current advances in registration technology in augmented reality image navigation system, and focuses on its applications in liver surgery, including laparoscopic surgery and robotic surgery. Finally, the technological problems and difficulties still faced at present are summarized, and future directions worth studying in this field are proposed.

Validation study of the Chinese version of atopic dermatitis control tool / 中华预防医学杂志

To assess the reliability, validity and responsiveness of the Chinese version of the atopic dermatitis control tool (ADCT). After this study obtained authorization for the Chinese version of the ADCT scale. 114 patients with atopic dermatitis were enrolled from the Department of Dermatology, Peking University First Hospital using convenience sampling from October 2022. Patients were surveyed using the General Information Questionnaire, Chinese version of ADCT, patient-oriented eczema measure (POEM),peak pruritus numerical rating scale (PP-NRS),dermatology life quality index (DLQI) and the global patient self-assessment for disease severity. Mann-Whitney rank sum test and Spearman correlation analysis were used for item analysis; content validity was assessed using content validity index (CVI); exploratory factor analysis was used to assess structural validity; Cronbach' alpha coefficient was used to assess internal consistency; Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation of ADCT with other scales to assess external responsiveness. The results showed that all items were retained by item analysis. I-CVI was 0.9-1, and S-CVI/Average was 0.983; the scale extracted one common factor by factor analysis, the cumulative variance explanation rate was 77.927%; the Cronbach' alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.937; the correlation coefficients of the Chinese version of ADCT with POEM, PP-NRS, and DLQI were 0.805, 0.861, and 0.709 respectively. In conclusion, the Chinese version of the ADCT has adequate reliability, validity and responsiveness, and is suitable for measuring disease control in Chinese patients with atopic dermatitis.

Chemical constituents of cyclic peptides from fibrous roots of Pseudostellaria heterophylla / 中国中药杂志

Four cyclic peptides were isolated from the 75% ethanol extract of the fibrous roots of Pseudostellaria heterophylla by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC. Through mass spectrometry, NMR and other methods, they were identified as pseudostellarin L(1), heterophyllin B(2), pseudostellarin B(3), and pseudostellarin C(4). Among them, compound 1 was a new cyclic peptide, and compounds 2-4 were isolated from the fibrous roots of P. heterophylla for the first time. None of these compounds displayed cytotoxic activities against MCF-7, A549, HCT-116, and SGC-7901 cells.

Application of next-generation sequencing in detection of BRCA1/2 and homologous recombination repair pathway multi-genes germline mutation and correlation analysis / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the germline mutation status of related genes in breast cancer patients and high-risk individuals by next-generation sequencing. To analyze the correlations between homologous recombination repair (HR) pathway gene mutation status and clinicopathological characteristics of breast cancer patients. To supplement the database of breast cancer related gene mutations in Chinese population. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study. From October 2020 to September 2021, whole blood samples were collected from 350 breast cancer patients and 49 high-risk individuals, admitted to Peking University People's Hospital and accepted genetic testing voluntarily. Germline mutations in 32 breast cancer related genes were detected by NGS. The clinicopathological characteristics, including age at the onset, family history, unilateral/bilateral tumor, Luminal typing (Luminal A subtype, Luminal B subtype, HER2-enriched subtype and triple negative breast cancer), tumor size and metastasis, were analyzed, and the correlations between HR pathway gene mutation status and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed by Chi-squared test and Fisher's exact probability test. Results: Among 350 breast cancer patients, 64 (18.3%) cases carried gene pathogenic mutations (including pathogenic and likely pathogenic mutations), including 47 (13.4%) in BRCA1/2, 16 (4.6%) in non-BRCA1/2 genes, 1 (0.3%) in BRCA2 and FANCL. Among 49 high-risk individuals, 7 (14.3%) cases carried gene pathogenic mutations, including 6 (12.3%) in BRCA1/2 and 1 (2%) in ATM genes. BRCA1/2 pathogenic mutations were associated with age at the onset (18%, 8.7%, χ²=6.346, P=0.012), and the BRCA1/2 pathogenic mutation frequency was higher in patients diagnosed at age ≤45 years. HR pathway gene mutations (including pathogenic, likely pathogenic and uncertain significance mutations) were correlated with unilateral/bilateral tumor (49.5%, 68.4%, χ²=4.841, P=0.028) and Luminal typing (45.7%, 62.2%, 32%, 60%, χ²=12.004, P=0.007), and the HR mutation frequencies were higher in patients with bilateral tumor, Luminal B breast cancer and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Conclusion: The BRCA1/2 pathogenic mutation frequency in high-risk individuals is similar to that in breast cancer patients, and BRCA1/2 testing is helpful to guide breast cancer screening and prevention in high-risk individuals. Patients with early onset breast cancer, bilateral breast cancer, Luminal B breast cancer and TNBC have higher mutation frequencies of HR pathway genes, and HR pathway genes testing should be conducted as soon as possible to provide laboratory evidence for diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and risk evaluation of breast cancer.

Tumescent anesthesia combined with skin and soft tissue expansion for the repair of 41 cases of congenital giant melanocytic nevi / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of tumescent anesthesia combined with skin and soft tissue expansion for the repair of congenital giant melanocytic nevi.Methods:From July 2015 to December 2019, 41 patients with congenital giant melanocytic nevi, including 24 males and 17 females aged 7 - 45 years, were collected from the Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University. Skin lesions ranged from 5 cm × 12 cm to 12 cm × 18 cm in size, and were located on the scalp in 13 cases, on the face in 18 cases, as well as on the trunk in 10 cases. Before surgery, the composition of tumescent solution was adjusted according to the body weight, operation duration, skin lesion area, etc., and the total dose and peak plasma concentration of lidocaine should be below 35 mg/kg and 4 mg/L respectively. All the patients received tissue expander placement and second-stage flap transfer under tumescent anesthesia.Results:During surgery, satisfactory effect of tumescent anesthesia was achieved in all the 41 patients, the pain score assessed by a numerical rating scale was 1.82 ± 0.54. In addition, the surgical field and dissection levels were clear with little bleeding and no related complications. Follow-up of 3 - 36 months showed that the skin flaps matched the surrounding skin tissues well, with relatively concealed incision lines and soft flat scars.Conclusion:For the treatment of congenital giant melanocytic nevi, tumescent anesthesia is effective and safe, which combined with skin and soft tissue expansion can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, and this strategy is worthy of clinical promotion.

Metabolomics-based comparative analysis of the effects of host and environment on Viscum coloratum metabolites and antioxidative activities / 药物分析学报

Viscum coloratum(Komn.)Nakai is a well-known medicinal hemiparasite widely distributed in Asia.The synthesis and accumulation of its metabolites are affected by both environmental factors and the host plants,while the latter of which is usually overlooked.The purpose of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the effects of host and habitat on the metabolites in V.coloratum through multiple chemical and biological approaches.The metabolite profile of V.coloratum harvested from three different host plants in two habitats were determined by multiple chemical methods including high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet(HPLC-UV),gas chromatography-flame ionization detector(GC-FID)and ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-QTOF/MS).The differences in antioxidant efficacy of V.coloratum were determined based on multiple in vitro models.The multivariate statistical analysis and data fusion strategy were applied to analyze the dif-ferences in metabolite profile and antioxidant activity of V.coloratum.Results indicated that the metabolite profile obtained by various chemical approaches was simultaneously affected by host and environment factors,and the environment plays a key role.Meanwhile,three main differential metab-olites between two environment groups were identified.The results of antioxidant assay indicated that the environment has greater effects on the biological activity of V.coloratum than the host.Therefore,we conclude that the integration of various chemical and biological approaches combined with multivariate statistical and data fusion analysis,which can determine the influences of host plant and habitat on the metabolites,is a powerful strategy to control the quality of semi-parasitic herbal medicine.

The effect of different ultrasound debridement method on epiphytic bacteria of diabetic foot ulcer wound / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of ultrasonic debridement mediated by 0.9% sodium chloride solution and 0.5% iodophor volt combined with eddy current washing and high pressure pulse washing on the removal of colonized bacteria on the wound surface of diabetic foot and wound healing.Methods:From March to November 2020, a total of 60 patients using ultrasonic therapy for debridement were divided into control group, experimental group 1, experimental group 2 and experimental group 3 by random digit table in the fourth People′s Hospital of Dalian. The final effective data collected was 15 cases in each group. The control group was given ultrasonic debridement mediated by 0.9% sodium chloride solution and eddy current washing.Experimental group 1 was given ultrasonic debridement mediated by 0.9% sodium chloride solution and high pressure pulse washing. Experimental group 2 received 0.5% iodophor mediated ultrasonic debridement and eddy current washing. Experimental group 3 0.5% iodophor mediated ultrasonic debridement and high pressure pulse washing. The size of the wound was measured, sampled and bacterial cultured before and after the first, fifth and 10th intervention. The wound bacterial clearance rate and wound area reduction rate were calculated and compared.Results:Before and after 3 interventions, the bacterial clearance rate and the total reduction of wound surface in 4 groups were increased ( P<0.01), the total bacterial clearance rate of experimental group 3 was the highest, which was (93.85 ± 9.87)%.The total reduction rate of wound in experimental group 2 was the highest, which was (20.831 4 ± 9.379 8)%. Conclusions:0.5% iodophor mediated ultrasonic debridement combined with high pressure pulse washing is the most effective way in the removal of diabetic foot wounds, and 0.5% iodophor solution mediated ultrasonic debridement combined with eddy current washing is the most effective in reducing diabetic foot wounds.

Surgical treatment strategies and outcomes of early-stage nail apparatus melanoma: a retrospective analysis of 115 cases / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To explore surgical treatment strategies and prognosis of early-stage nail apparatus melanoma.Methods:A total of 115 patients with early-stage nail apparatus melanoma receiving surgical treatment were collected from Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University from July 2011 to December 2019, and surgical treatment strategies and outcomes were analyzed retrospectively.Results:According to the modified ABCDEF criteria and clinical manifestations (such as deformation of the nail plate, ulcers, nodules) , 73 patients with early-stage nail apparatus melanoma received extended surgical resection based on the resection principles of melanoma in situ, 22 based on the resection principles of stage I and II melanoma, 20 based on the resection principles of stage I and II melanoma with invasion risks. During the follow-up period of 6 months to 9 years, there was no recurrence of the primary tumors in any patients; no abnormalities were observed by the ultrasound examination of lymph nodes in 101 patients; metastases occurred in 2 patients receiving finger amputation, 1 of whom died; 12 patients were lost to follow-up. Conclusion:To select extended surgical resection strategies for early-stage nail apparatus melanoma based on clinical manifestations, can ensure adequate treatment and preserve the normal function of the extremities to the greatest extent without recurrence of the primary tumors.

Comparison of clinical efficacy of microwave thermotherapy versus microneedling in the treatment of axillary bromhidrosis / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To compare clinical efficacy and safety of microwave thermotherapy versus microneedling in the treatment of axillary bromhidrosis.Methods:From May 2018 to March 2019, 116 patients with different degrees of axillary bromhidrosis were collected from Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, including 56 treated with microwave thermotherapy by using a miraDry device, and 60 treated with microneedling by using a BodyTite device. These patients were followed up for 12 months after treatment, and clinical efficacy, complications and recurrence rate were evaluated.Results:After 12 months of follow-up, no significant difference in the response and recurrence rates were observed between the microwave group (94.64%[53 cases], 5.36%[3 cases], respectively) and microneedling group (93.33%[56 cases], 6.67%[4 cases], respectively; both χ2=0.088, P=0.767) . However, the incidence of postoperative complications was significantly lower in the microwave group (0) than in the microneedling group (6.67%, including 2 cases of skin burns and 2 cases of scars; χ2=3.867, P=0.049) . Conclusion:In the treatment of axillary bromhidrosis, microwave thermotherapy showed equivalent clinical efficacy with lower incidence of complications compared with microneedling.

HPLC Fingerprint Analysis and Multi-component Determination of Substance Benchmark of Yiweitang / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To establish high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） fingerprint and multi-component determination for the substance benchmark of Yiweitang， and to evaluate its quality in combination with chemical pattern recognition method. Method:Fifteen batches of substance benchmark of Yiweitang were prepared， the "Chinese medicine chromatographic fingerprint similarity evaluation system" （2012 edition） was used to calculate similarity. Cluster analysis， principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were employed to handle the common peaks for evaluating the quality difference among 15 batches of the substance benchmark. The contents of catalpol， verbascoside and methylophiopogonanone A were determined with mobile phase system of acetonitrile-phosphoric acid solution at detection wavelengths of 210 nm and 334 nm. Result:There were 22 common peaks in HPLC fingerprint of the substance benchmark， among them， peaks 1， 9， 12， 14-17， 19 and 20 belonged to Rehmanniae Radix， peaks 3， 4， 6， 7 and 21 belonged to Glehniae Radix， peaks 5 and 22 belonged to Ophiopogonis Radix， peaks 2 and 18 belonged to Polygonati Odorati Rhiaoma， peak 8 was the common peak of Ophiopogonis Radix and Rehmanniae Radix， peak 10 was shared by Ophiopogonis Radix， Polygonati Odorati Rhiaoma<italic> </italic>and<italic> </italic>Rehmanniae Radix， peak 11 was the common peak of these four herbs， and peak 13 was shared by Polygonati Odorati Rhiaoma and Rehmanniae Radix. The similarities between HPLC fingerprints of 15 batches of the substance benchmark and the control fingerprint were all >0.90， the samples could be divided into four categories by three chemical pattern recognition methods. Quantitative analysis showed that the contents of catalpol， verbascoside and methylophiopogonanone A among 15 batches of samples ranged from 0.37% to 1.14%， 0.002% to 0.054% and 0.016% to 0.079%， respectively. Conclusion:The established fingerprint and determination for the substance benchmark of Yiweitang have good separation and high accuracy， which reflect the overall chemical composition characteristics of Yiweitang， and can provide experimental basis for the further development and quality control of the compound preparations of this famous classical formula.

Result analysis of percutaneous core needle biopsy for bone tumors in upper limbs with pathological fracture / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the results of percutaneous core needle biopsy for bone tumors in upper limbs with pathologic fracture and to find the possible factors that could impact the results.@*METHODS@#The including criteria for this study was the patients who had received percutaneous core needle biopsy and definitive surgery, whose tumor was located at upper limb with pathologic fracture. From January 2015 to December 2019, seventy-seven patients were enrolled. There were 55 males and 22 females. The median age was 27 years old (range:5 to 88 years old). The tumor located at humerus in 67 cases, radius in 8 cases and ulna in 2 cases. If the pathologic diagnosis of core needle biopsy was the same with the definitive surgery, it was defined as "correct". If the pathologic diagnosis of biopsy for benign or malignant was right but the exact diagnostic name was not the same with definitive surgery, it was defined as "supportive". If the pathologic diagnosis of biopsy for benign or malignant was not correct, it was defined as "wrong". We retrospectively analyzed the accuracy and impact factors for core needle biopsy.@*RESULTS@#The result was "correct" in 63 cases(81.8%), "supportive" in 14 cases(18.2%), and "wrong" in 0 cases. We analyzed the gender, age, location, fracture displacement, the destroyed type for bone tumor, soft tissue mass, fluid area in the tumor as the factors. The results showed the rate for "correct" was significantly higher when the tumor had soft tissue mass (@*CONCLUSION@#The accuracy of percutaneous core needle biopsy for upper limb bone tumor with pathologic is high and acceptable. The biopsy chosen the soft tissue mass area can increase the accuracy.

Clinical efficacy of micro-punch combined with electron beam radiation for the treatment of keloids on the lower jaw: a retrospective analysis of 36 cases / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To assess clinical efficacy of micro-punch combined with electron beam radiation for the treatment of keloids on the lower jaw.Methods:Clinical data were collected from 36 patients with keloids on the lower jaw, who received micro-punch combined with electron beam radiation at Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University from January 2018 to January 2019, and analyzed retrospectively. There were 16 males and 20 females, with an average age of 23.80 years and a median disease duration of 32 months. The severity of keloids was evaluated before and 12 months after operation. A paired t test was used to compare keloid severity scores before and after treatment. Results:All of the 36 patients experienced primary wound healing. The keloid severity score was 7.11 ± 1.46 before operation, and significantly decreased to 2.33 ± 0.47 at 12 months after operation ( t=13.85, P=0.008) . Twelve months after the treatment, 15 patients were cured, 17 showed marked improvement, and 4 showed no response or experienced recurrence within 12 months after treatment, with a response rate of 88.89%. Conclusion:Micro-punch combined with electron beam radiation is effective for the treatment of keloids on the lower jaw.

Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of 87 cases of trauma-related melanomas / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To analyze clinicopathological characteristics of trauma-related melanoma and their relationship with the prognosis of patients.Methods:Clinical data were collected from 87 cases of trauma-related melanomas in Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University from 2009 to 2020, and their clinicopathological characteristics were retrospectively analyzed. Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the difference in Breslow thickness of tumors between patients of different ages or genders; Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the time from trauma to the notice of melanoma and Breslow thickness, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Log-Rank test were employed to analyze the relationship between clinicopathological characteristics of melanoma and the prognosis of patients; Cox regression model was used to analyze risk factors for survival duration of patients with trauma-related melanoma.Results:Among the 87 patients with trauma-related melanoma, 47 (54.02%) were males and 40 (45.98%) were females. Among them, melanoma occurred in 50 (57.47%) cases after sharp injuries, and in 37 (42.53%) after blunt injuries. In addition, 31 (35.63%) cases presented with primary lesions on the hands, and 48 (55.17%) on the feet. The Breslow thickness of the primary tumors was significantly higher in the group aged > 55 years than in the group aged ≤ 55 years ( U= 623.500, P= 0.010) , but there was no significant difference between patients of different genders ( P= 0.138) . The time from trauma to the notice of melanoma was negatively correlated with the Breslow thickness of tumors ( r=-0.203, P= 0.037) . The age of patients, Breslow thickness of tumors, Ki67 proliferation index and genetic background of tumor significantly affect the survival duration of patients with trauma-related melanoma ( P= 0.011, 0.031, 0.002 and 0.031, respectively) ; the gender, type of trauma and ulceration of tumor mass did not significantly affect the survival duration of patients ( P= 0.618, 0.114 and 0.379, respectively) . Cox regression model analysis showed that the Ki67 proliferation index and Breslow thickness were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of trauma-related melanoma (risk ratio [ RR] and 95% confidence interval [ CI] were 1.946 (1.234, 4.217) and 1.839 (1.014, 3.332) , P= 0.039 and 0.045, respectively) . Conclusion:The Breslow thickness of trauma-related melanoma is related to the age of patients and time from trauma to the notice of melanoma; the age, Breslow thickness of tumors, Ki67 proliferation index and genetic background of tumor all affect the survival duration of patients with melanoma, and Ki67 proliferation index and Breslow thickness are independent risk factors affecting prognosis.

Clinical characteristics and outcome of novel coronavirus pneumonia patients with different body mass index / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and outcome of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19)patients with different body mass index (BMI), and to provide the basis for disease assessment and prognosis.Methods:The clinical data of 541 patients with COVID-19 diagnosed in Xiaogan Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology from January 16 to March 28, 2020 were collected. The patients were divided into normal weight group, overweight group, and obesity group according to BMI. The clinical characteristics and outcomes of the three groups were compared. The correlation between BMI and clinical classification was analyzed by ordinal logistic regression.Results:There were 288 cases (53.23%) in normal weight group, 193 cases (35.67%) in overweight group, and 60 cases (11.09%) in obesity group. Compared with normal weight group, overweight and obesity groups displayed higher proportion of hypertension, with increased levels of white blood cells, neutrophils, C reactive protein, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and triglyceride in laboratory test results, and higher proportion of severe and critical illness ( P<0.05 or P<0.01). After adjusting for age, gender, and underlying diseases, regression analysis showed that higher BMI predicted more severe clinical classification ( OR=1.079, 95% CI 1.010-1.154). Conclusion:In COVID-19 patients, overweight and obese patients are more likely to develop into severe and critical illness, suggesting that obesity may be an important risk factor affecting the clinical outcome of COVID-19.

Gualou-Xiebai-Banxia decoction protects against type II diabetes with acute myocardial ischemia by attenuating oxidative stress and apoptosis via PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling / 中国天然药物

Gualou-Xiebai-Banxia decoction has a long history of medical use for treating cardiovascular diseases in China. In this study, we investigated the protective effect and underlying mechanisms GXB in type II diabetes with acute myocardial ischemia (T2DM-AMI) rats. We hypothesized that GXB may display its protective effect on T2DM-AMI by reducing endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) apoptosisviaactivating PI3K (phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase)/Akt (serine/threonine protein kinase B)/eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) signaling. Rats were challenged with a high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to induce a model of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary ligation to induce acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Changes in metabolites were assessed via enzyme-linked immunoassay and biochemical examination. The number and apoptosis rate of EPCs in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. Target mRNAs and proteins in EPCs were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that GXB treatment decreased T2DM-AMI-associated changes in plasma fasting blood glucose, muscular enzymes, and blood lipids, and reduced oxidative stress. Furthermore, EPC apoptosis was increased in T2DM-AMI rats and was associated with decreased mRNA and protein levels of PI3K, Akt, and eNOS compared to the controls. Conversely, T2DM-AMI rats treated with GXB exhibited more circulating EPCs and downregulated levels of cell apoptosis, combined with increased mRNA and protein levels of PI3K, Akt, and eNOS compared to those of untreated T2DM-AMI rats. Our study showed that GXB treatment mitigated EPC apoptosis and promoted PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling in T2DM-AMI rats.

Kinetic Characteristics of Neutralizing Antibody Responses Vary among Patients with COVID-19 / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to present a major challenge to public health. Vaccine development requires an understanding of the kinetics of neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).@*Methods@#In total, 605 serum samples from 125 COVID-19 patients (from January 1 to March 14, 2020) varying in age, sex, severity of symptoms, and presence of underlying diseases were collected, and antibody titers were measured using a micro-neutralization assay with wild-type SARS-CoV-2.@*Results@#NAbs were detectable approximately 10 days post-onset (dpo) of symptoms and peaked at approximately 20 dpo. The NAb levels were slightly higher in young males and severe cases, while no significant difference was observed for the other classifications. In follow-up cases, the NAb titer had increased or stabilized in 18 cases, whereas it had decreased in 26 cases, and in one case NAbs were undetectable at the end of our observation. Although a decreasing trend in NAb titer was observed in many cases, the NAb level was generally still protective.@*Conclusion@#We demonstrated that NAb levels vary among all categories of COVID-19 patients. Long-term studies are needed to determine the longevity and protective efficiency of NAbs induced by SARS-CoV-2.

Computer navigation-aided joint-preserving resection and custom-made endoprosthesis reconstruction for bone sarcomas: long-term outcomes / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data can be fused to identify the tumor boundaries. This enables surgeons to set close but tumor-free surgical margins and excise the tumor more precisely. This study aimed to report our experience in performing computer navigation-aided joint-preserving resection and custom-made endoprosthesis reconstruction to treat bone sarcoma in the diaphysis and metaphysis of the femur and tibia.@*METHODS@#Between September 2008 and December 2015, 24 patients with bone sarcomas underwent surgical resection and joint-sparing reconstruction under image-guided computer navigation. The cohort comprised 16 males and eight females with a median age of 19.5 years (range: 12-48 years). The tumor location was the femoral diaphysis in three patients, distal femur in 19, and proximal tibia in two. The tumors were osteosarcoma (n = 15), chondrosarcoma (n = 3), Ewing sarcoma (n = 3), and other sarcomas (n = 3). We created a pre-operative plan for each patient using navigation system software and performed navigation-aided resection before reconstructing the defect with a custom-made prosthesis with extracortical plate fixation.@*RESULTS@#Pathological examination verified that all resected specimens had appropriate surgical margins. The median distance from the tumor resection margin to the joint was 30 mm (range: 13-80 mm). The median follow-up duration was 62.5 months (range: 24-134 months). Of the 24 patients, 21 remain disease free, one is alive with disease, and two died of the disease. One patient developed local recurrence. Complications requiring additional surgical procedures occurred in six patients, including one with wound hematoma, one with delayed wound healing, one with superficial infection, one with deep infection, and two with mechanical failure of the prosthesis. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score at the final follow-up was 91% (range: 80%-100%). The 5- and 10-year implant survival rates were 91.3% and 79.9%, respectively.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Computer navigation-aided joint-preserving resection and custom-made endoprosthesis reconstruction with extracortical plate fixation is a reliable surgical treatment option for bone sarcoma in the diaphysis and metaphysis of the femur and tibia.